Application of MRI for myelin status differentiation in Multiple Sclerosis and in animal models of demyelination
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Date
2025
Authors
Kalita, Katarzyna
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Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences
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Creative commons license
Abstract
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, incurable, autoimmune disease causing life-long physical and mental disability with focal areas of CNS pathological changes appearing in conventional Magnetic Resonance Imaging techniques as “lesions”. Lesions are heterogenous in terms of dominant pathological processes occurring with possible participation of remyelination of different degree and stage. The interplay between demyelination an remyelination determines disease severity and upcoming physical and mental disability degree being also an indicative of therapy effectiveness. Lesion status identification is an important step of diagnosis and treatment efficacy determination. In MS except from a relatively well visible “lesions” also normal appearing white and grey matter are affected. Among conventional MRI techniques, the degree of inability to differentiate between lesion myelination status is emphasized, while the experimental results of using more advanced imaging options such as Magnetization Transfer Ratio (MTR), Diffusion Weighted Imaging (DWI), Diffusion Kurtosis (DK) imaging and some lastly developed high b-value q-space imaging variants for the imaging of lesions is discussed. The goal of this paper is to emphasize currently developed, most promising magnetic resonance imaging modalities in lesion status differentiation in humans and in animal models, among which the cuprizone model seems to be most suitable for experimental myelin pathology research.
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Keywords
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Multiple Sclerosis (MS), q-space Imaging, Cuprizone Animal Model
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Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International