The top-down method of extensive air shower reconstruction: its feasibility and prospects for testing nuclear interaction models
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2018
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Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences
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Creative commons license
Abstract
Przedmiotem niniejszej pracy jest przedstawienie metody rekonstrukcji wielkich peków
atmosferycznych indukowanych przez promieniowanie kosmiczne najwyzszych energii, tak
zwanej metody top-down. Wielkie peki atmosferyczne sa rekonstruowane na podstawie
pomiarów podłuznego i poprzecznego rozkładu czastek w peku, z wykorzystaniem symulacji
rozwoju tych peków. Do symulacji rozwoju peków sa stosowane modele oddziaływan
jadrowych. Poniewaz sa one stosowane w zakresach energii wykraczajacych poza
energie dostepne w akceleratorach, wykorzystuje sie ekstrapolacje własnosci modeli. Własnosci
modeli po zastosowaniu ekstrapolacji nie sa kalibrowane. Uzycie w/w ekstrapolacji,
jak i fakt, ze wyniki analizy peków zrekonstruowanych za pomoca tych modeli
sa niespójne z wynikami innych analiz, skutkuje potrzeba testowania modeli oddziaływan
jadrowych. Uwaza sie, ze metoda top-down wychodzi naprzeciw tym oczekiwaniom.
W pracy tej zostały zaprezentowane własnosci ulepszonej metody top-down, tj. wyniki
testów spójnosci uzywanej wersji metody top-down. Dane uzyte do testów zostały wygenerowane
z uzyciem metody Monte Carlo. Zostało wykazane, ze ulepszona wersja metody
daje poprawne wyniki dla danych Monte Carlo. Nastepnie metoda ta została uzyta do
rekonstrukcji danych rzeczywistych. Pokazano, ze wyniki rekonstrukcji top-down danych
rzeczywistych sa niekonsystentne, a uzyskane rozbieznosci sa analogiczne do rozbieznosci
uzyskanych w innych analizach z wykorzystaniem poprzednich wersji metody top-down.
The subject of this thesis is to present extension of so called top-down reconstruction method, used for reconstruction of extensive air showers induced by the high energy cosmic rays. To reconstruct an extensive air shower the measurements of the longitudinal and lateral distributions of particles are used, as well as the simulations of shower development. Such simulations require models of hadronic interactions. Since the energies at which the models are used exceed the energy of accelerator data, the extrapolations of interaction models are used. Such extrapolations are not calibrated. A use of the extrapolations and fact that the results of the air shower analyses are not in agreement with other types of shower analyses, causes that the calibration tests of extrapolated interaction models are required. The top-down method may turned to be helpful in such calibrations. An improved version of the top-down method is presented in this thesis. Using generated Monte Carlo data the tests of intrinsic consistency of improved version of the top-down method are shown. It was shown that the improved version provides consistent results. Subsequently the method was applied to the real data. It was shown that the results are inconsistent and these inconsistencies are in agreement with the results obtained with the previous versions of the top-down method.
The subject of this thesis is to present extension of so called top-down reconstruction method, used for reconstruction of extensive air showers induced by the high energy cosmic rays. To reconstruct an extensive air shower the measurements of the longitudinal and lateral distributions of particles are used, as well as the simulations of shower development. Such simulations require models of hadronic interactions. Since the energies at which the models are used exceed the energy of accelerator data, the extrapolations of interaction models are used. Such extrapolations are not calibrated. A use of the extrapolations and fact that the results of the air shower analyses are not in agreement with other types of shower analyses, causes that the calibration tests of extrapolated interaction models are required. The top-down method may turned to be helpful in such calibrations. An improved version of the top-down method is presented in this thesis. Using generated Monte Carlo data the tests of intrinsic consistency of improved version of the top-down method are shown. It was shown that the improved version provides consistent results. Subsequently the method was applied to the real data. It was shown that the results are inconsistent and these inconsistencies are in agreement with the results obtained with the previous versions of the top-down method.
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This research was partially supported by the National Science Centre grant
No. 2016/23/B/ST9/01635.
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Uznanie autorstwa 4.0 Międzynarodowe