Neutrino beam simulations and background studies for the SUNLAB location in Poland

Abstract

The main purpose of this thesis is to explore the opportunities which would be provided by the Sieroszowice Underground Laboratory SUNLAB, located in the Polkowice-Sieroszowice mine in the Lower Silesia province in Poland, to discover the CP violation in the neutrino sector. This discovery would be a milestone on the road to understanding the observed dominance of matter over antimatter in the Universe, which is one of the fundamental questions of contemporary science.The motivation for the presented study is the current very exciting situation in neutrino physics. According to many physicists, the discovery of neutrino oscillations in the years 1998-2002 and their interpretation within the framework of three neutrino flavour mixing, awarded the 2015 Nobel Prize in physics, provides firm evidence for new physics beyond the Standard Model. Recently, the θ13 mixing angle has been determined to be moderately large. This makes it possible to use conventional high power neutrino beams in accelerator long baseline experiments to answer the remaining questions in neutrino oscillations, which are the neutrino mass hierarchy and the measurement of the CP-violating phase.